PMC Research

Household Income and Income Inequality in Georgia (2013-2022)

This bulletin provides a comprehensive understanding of household income distribution in Georgia.

Monthly Tourism Update (August, 2023)

The newest issue of Monthly Tourism Update covers the trends in Georgia's international visits and the country's surging international travel income.

Employment Tracker (August, 2023)

The latest issue of Employment Tracker, produced in collaboration with Jobs.ge. The tracker produces valuable insights into the Georgian labor market as it lays out the trajectory of employment and salaries, most demanded job categories, and expectations of specific economic sectors regarding their employment plans.

Issue 4: Macro Overview

Issue 4 of the Macro Overview thoroughly explores different aspects of the economy in Georgia and beyond

Employment Tracker (July, 2023)

Ukraine: Reconstructing International Trade

In this bulletin, we overview the infrastructural losses Ukraine has suffered from the war so far, the plan for rebuilding the country’s trade infrastructure, the dynamics of Ukraine’s international trade, the facilitation of exports, and the strengthening of the country’s economic resilience with the assistance of external actors.

Georgian Economic Climate (Q2, 2023)

In this bulletin, which is based on the ifo Institute’s methodology, we discuss Georgia’s economic climate according to assessments made by various Georgian economists.

BAG Index (Q2, 2023)

The BAG Index summarizes the BAG Business Climate, BAG Employment Barometer and BAG Investment Environment, which are calculated according to the assessments of the top managers of BAG member businesses and companies in their corporate group.

Honey Production Sector in Georgia

Considering that Georgia is known as the land of the oldest honey discovered and has suitable natural conditions and biodiversity for high-quality honey production, the development potential for the honey production sector in Georgia is high.

The Governance Model of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and External Mechanisms of Educational Quality Development in Georgia

The study analyzes the development of the governance model of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Georgia and external mechanisms used to evaluate the quality of education in Georgia in relation to the policies and processes currently prevalent in European education systems.

Stablecoins in Georgia: International Regulatory Practices and Policy Recommendations for the Georgian Government

This paper thoroughly examines the existing Georgian cryptocurrency laws to identify their primary shortcomings.

News

EU Supports Georgian and Romanian Agri-food Clusters to Share Experiences on Study Tour

05-Sep-2023

On 24-28 July 2023, with EU support, a delegation representing the Oni Food Industry Cluster, Oni Municipality City Hall, and PMC Research visited Cluj-Napoca, Romania, to exchange experiences with the AgroTransilvania Cluster. The study tour was part of the EU-funded project “Economic Development of Oni Municipality via Business Cluster Creation and Investment Attraction.”

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The EU Provides Strong Backing for Enhancing Oni Municipality’s Representation in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment

01-Sep-2023

On July 17-21, PMC Research, with EU support, conducted training sessions on foreign direct investment (FDI) attraction for representatives of local governments of Oni municipality. The training was part of the EU-funded “Economic Development of Oni Municipality via Business Clusters Creation and Investment Attraction” project. The training aimed to improve the capacities of local officials in making the municipality more visible and attractive to potential investors.

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PMC Research Contributes to TEPSA's Book on Climate Change and Europe's Future

30-Jun-2023

PMC Research recently contributed to the Trans European Policy Studies Association’s (TEPSA) book, entitled Climate Change and the Future of Europe. Notably, its researcher Tinatin Akhvlediani wrote the chapter, “Georgia: It Is Time to Address the Devastating Effects of Climate Change.” Specifically, the chapter focuses on climate change effects in Georgia.

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Georgia and Black Sea-Caspian Trade and Energy Connectivity

09-Jun-2023

On June 2, PMC Research’s Nika Kapanadze participated in the "Georgia and Black Sea-Caspian Trade and Energy Connectivity" roundtable. The event was part of the "GIP-KAS Foreign Policy Talks" project, supported by KAS South Caucasus Office. It focused on exploring Georgia's strategic geographical position and its trade and energy connectivity potential.

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Georgia's Potential Membership in Three Seas Initiative (3SI)

09-Jun-2023

PMC Research recently contributed to a collaborative report in anticipation of the Three Seas Initiative Bucharest Summit," prepared by the European Institute of Romania (EIR). The Three Seas Initiative (3SI) aims to enhance connectivity and cooperation in the Baltic, Black, and Adriatic Sea regions. In the report, PMC Research focuses on Georgia's potential future membership in the 3SI.

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Periodic Issues

Issue 145: Household Income and Income Inequality in Georgia (2013-2022)

19-Sep-2023

This bulletin provides a comprehensive understanding of household income distribution in Georgia. It presents an analysis of income inequality beyond the traditional Gini coefficient by examining additional dimensions of income distribution. More precisely, the bulletin compares the income of different segments of society, household income in rural and urban areas, and between regions.

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Monthly Tourism Update (August, 2023)

14-Sep-2023

Since the beginning of 2023, the tourism sector in Georgia has been showing signs of significant recovery. Therefore, with this background, it is interesting to analyze the latest hotel price dynamics in Georgia. Since the beginning of 2023, the year-on-year (YoY) Hotel Price Index (HPI) in Georgia has experienced notable fluctuations, with a significant decline in the summer months. That drop was mainly attributed to the YoY price decrease for guesthouses. To provide a better understanding of the latest price changes of hotels, the regional analysis is crucial. In the summer months of 2023, the YoY HPI in Adjara was positive and significant for all categories of hotels (16%) in June, followed by a decline in July (-2.8%) and August (-0.2%). This could partially be attributed to the relatively low demand in seaside locations, in some instances due to visitors’ sea safety concerns.

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Hotel Price Index (August, 2023)

14-Sep-2023

In Georgia, the average cost of a room in a 3-star hotel was 181 GEL per night in August 2023, while the average cost of a room in a 4-star hotel in Georgia was 278 GEL per night and the average cost of a room in a guesthouse was 130 GEL per night. The average cost of a room in a 5-star hotel in Georgia in August 2023 was 542 GEL per night. In Guria, the average price was 1055 GEL, followed by Adjara – 515 GEL, Tbilisi – 515 GEL, and Kakheti – 837 GEL.

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Employment Tracker (August, 2023)

30-Aug-2023

In July 2023, the number of persons receiving a monthly salary increased by 4.7% compared to the corresponding period of 2022. In July 2023, the share of persons receiving a monthly salary up to 600 GEL amounted to 17.1%, which was 4.0 percentage points less than the corresponding period of 2022. In 2023, from February to July, the total number of vacancies published on jobs.ge amounted to 42,900, which was 12.8% higher compared to the corresponding period of 2022. In 2023, from February to July, a total of 7,866 vacancies were published in the field of finance, statistics, which was 43.1% higher than the corresponding period of 2022 and 99.0% higher compared to the corresponding period of 2021.

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Hotel Price Index (July, 2023)

17-Aug-2023

In Georgia, the average cost of a room in a 3-star hotel was 174 GEL per night in July 2023, while the average cost of a room in a 4-star hotel in Georgia was 267 GEL per night and the average cost of a room in a guesthouse was 132 GEL per night. The average cost of a room in a 5-star hotel in Georgia in July 2023 was 498 GEL per night. In Guria, the average price was 894 GEL, followed by Adjara – 550 GEL, Tbilisi – 505 GEL, and Kakheti – 466 GEL.

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Policy Papers

Household Income and Income Inequality in Georgia ( 2013-2022)

19-Sep-2023

This paper provides a comprehensive understanding of household income distribution in Georgia. It presents an analysis of income inequality beyond the traditional Gini coefficient by examining additional dimensions of income distribution. More precisely, the paper compares the income of different segments of society, household income in rural and urban areas, and between regions.

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Determining the Prime Cost of Railway Transportation and Identifying Variable Components

30-Aug-2023

This paper set out to provide transportation planners and policymakers with a systematic process through which to estimate costs representative of the area and service in question and to ease their analysis and decision-making procedures. Although the methodology presented herein is not meant to replace the in-depth and detailed feasibility studies or professional railroad planning activities, it can be used as an intermediate tool to allow planners to more easily perform railroad analysis and planning activities, prior to contracting out feasibility studies. Finally, should this research be further developed, it ought to address other categories of railway services, such as intercity and high-speed trains.

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Inflation and Monetary Policy in Black Sea Countries

24-Aug-2023

Since mid-2020, when stringent restrictions were imposed to combat the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, inflation has been running at multi-decade highs in many countries across the globe. In 2022 in particular, inflationary pressures from pandemic-related disruptions were exacerbated by the Russo-Ukrainian War and spiking food and energy prices. In response, central banks implemented different monetary policy approaches in an attempt to stabilize the situation. Against this background, recent inflationary trends and monetary policy approaches adopted by economically diverse Black Sea countries are analyzed and compared in this issue of Black Sea bulletin.

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Total Defense: The Strategy On How To Defeat Strong

02-Aug-2023

Russia’s full-scale military aggression and the ongoing war in Ukraine have led to a fundamental overhaul of the West’s defense and security policy and practice. In addition, a large-scale conventional war on European soil and the successful defensive operation of Ukraine has prompted defense and security professionals to reconsider the importance of total (comprehensive) defense. The total defense system was established during the Cold War in non-NATO member states that faced threats from a superior adversary. The concept has adapted to new security challenges and evolved from a comprehensive defense system to a comprehensive security model. Since 2017 Georgia has been trying to build its defense and security system on the principle of total defense. However, it has not yet approved the necessary political and strategic guidelines, conceptual framework, implementation plan, and assigned resources. Based on the Baltic and Nordic States case study, the paper identifies the critical conditions for implementing an effective and efficient total defense system and assesses the state of play in Georgia consistent with the case study’s findings.

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Sector and Value Chain Analytics: 2022

07-Jul-2023

The report provides an analysis of economic trends in Georgia, as well as denoting the challenges and opportunities (in local, regional, and global contexts) across selected value chains within six sectors to improve evidence-based decision-making through the provision of quality information and analytics. The specific sectors are tourism, creative industries, light manufacturing, shared intellectual services, waste management and recycling, along with cross-cutting sectors. The analysis tracks trends of 2022. This report was developed by PMC Research Center and ISET Policy Institute within the USAID Economic Security Program.

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